5.Coping railing with forest dwellers scaling or guarrying a rock face

  • ca. 150–100 BCE
  • Bharhut mahācaitya, Madhya Pradesh
  • National Museum, New Delhi

A wish-fulfilling lotus vine (kalpalata)-a miraculous plant that rewards devotees with material riches-decorates this railing coping, with jewels emerging from its flowers. The adjacent scene shows a mountain landscape, indicated by the cubic patterns of rock formations. Two men, dressed in leaf skirts, scale the mountain by driving pegs into the rock face. Whether the pair are quarrying or climbing in search of forest products is unclear. This scene, unique in Indian art, undoubtedly illustrates an ancient Buddhist story, a jātaka or avadāna. While the exact story referenced here remains unidentified, it might be the story of “The Six-Tusked Elephant” (Chaddanta-jātaka), which describes this technique of rock climbing.